'Serious blow' for the touring side as Atkinson goes off due to a hamstring issue.
The English seamer further complicated England's injury problems after leaving the field during Saturday's play in the Melbourne Test in the Ashes series.
The right-arm seamer experienced discomfort in his left hamstring post-delivery that he bowled on Saturday.
The England team stated Atkinson felt some "soreness" and would spend time on the sidelines to undergo evaluation "over the next few hours".
The series decider in this Ashes battle at the SCG starts at the end of the week.
The visitors have been without key quicks one seamer due to knee trouble and Jofra Archer because of a side injury during this series.
Matthew Fisher was called up as cover for Wood.
Atkinson struggled during the first two matches, managing only a handful of scalps.
He was left out from the previous Test, then recalled for the Melbourne Test in the playing XI.
The county bowler performed better in the fourth Test, claiming a couple of wickets with the ball, and scoring 28 runs as a batsman being one of only three England players to reach double figures.
Following a brief spell at the end of day one, he came back on Saturday morning and removed Scott Boland edging to the keeper.
However, towards the conclusion of the fifth over, he bowled a variation to Travis Head and immediately felt for his hamstring.
Atkinson was recalled for the Boxing Day Test after being left out the Adelaide game.
Maya Chen is an urban planner and writer with over a decade of experience in sustainable city development and community engagement.